Construction

One of many technical inventions made by FCB people from North - East group was innovative construction. Homesteads were resistant, light and what, was the most important, easier to build - so - called "ploscadki". The idea of constructing such homesteads was probably adopted from Trypillian culture. There are plenty of proof of constructing such wooden buildings - huge pieces of loess with wooden constructions’ traces (prints of the wattle made of young brunches, thick beams’l prints). During excavations enormous rubble of polepy which built the outline of hutst were found.
Their sizes fluctuated from nearly 10 to 20 m². Less used for that was strengthened with wastes produced during cereal treshing (husks). This raw material (loess) was mined near the settlements. It is thought that supporting structure was made of thick beams, between which weaved walls were made and then, in the final stage of building, plastered with loess with husks. Finally, homesteads could have been decorated by painting, wiechciowanie, or pasting decorative cornices.

Wiechciowanie – process of wet loess miotełkowania or clay in order to decorate. Whisks made of thick grass or straw were probably used for that.

It is believed that such buildings had kind of attic that was used as a pantry or a place to sleep. Huts were equipped in stoves. Treshing - floor presented the floor.
FBC people in Ćmielów and Gródek by Bug river would also build larger pantries – pits for reserves. Dip and as wide as a few m pits (often made of two parts of two storeys) were possibly treated with fire before roofing and storing supplies for protection against different kinds of pests and humidity.In my opinion it is wrong to consider such objects as habitable semi-dug - outs. The shapes of found pantries are in most cases rectangular or figure - of - 8. Their sizes fluctuate from 3 to 8 m².

The reconstruction of an eneolithical cottage from Krzemionki Opatowskie

Cottage wall weaved from branches and then pasted with clay

In such places firewood could have been stocked

The author while reconstructing the cottage

The way that roof was weaved (made)

This is how the fence aroun the house could have looked like

Common Reed Phragmites communis - this plant was used for making roofs, insulation and toughening of the walls

A cane plait

This is how the last phase of building the walls could have looked like – pasting with clay

Original fragments of clay from eneolithical cottage – visible impressions of organic construction elements

Mudfloor – floor in eneolithical cottages